PCOS/Hirsutism
PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is a condition that affects hormone levels in women, often leading to acne, weight gain, hyperpigmentation, and excess hair growth.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is quite common, affecting at least 1 in 10 women in the UK. Despite its prevalence, many women are unaware of its symptoms, and up to 70 percent of those with PCOS remain undiagnosed.
The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it is believed to have a genetic component.
PCOS is associated with abnormal hormone levels, particularly elevated insulin levels. Many women with PCOS are resistant to insulin’s effects, causing their bodies to produce higher insulin levels to compensate.
This condition leads to an increase in androgens, which are male hormones such as testosterone. The presence of elevated androgens negatively affects the ovaries, which are responsible for producing the menstrual hormones estrogen and progesterone, leading to the development of PCOS.
PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is a syndrome with three main characteristics:
– Enlarged ovaries containing many fluid-filled sacs (follicles) surrounding the eggs
– Excess androgen (male hormones), which can cause physical signs such as excess facial or body hair
– Irregular periods, with ovaries not regularly releasing eggs
Despite the name “polycystic,” the follicles are not actually cysts. Instead, they are underdeveloped sacs that often cannot release an egg, preventing ovulation.
Symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
– Hair Growth: Women with PCOS may experience excess hair growth on their back, stomach, chest, and face. This condition is known as hirsutism.
– Acne: Elevated male hormone levels can make the skin oily, leading to breakouts on the face, chest, and upper back.
– Weight Gain: Hormonal imbalances cause up to 80% of women with PCOS to be overweight or obese.
– Hyperpigmentation: Dark patches of skin can develop on the neck, groin, and under the breasts.
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